Linux file recovery
File recovery in Linux can be performed in several ways, depending on the cause of data loss. Here are some of the most common methods:
1. Using the “extundelete” utility: This utility is designed to restore deleted files from an ext3 or ext4 partition. It works by scanning free space and searching for metadata about files that have been marked as deleted.
2. Using the TestDisk program: TestDisk is a free program for solving problems with boot records and correcting disk drive partition table (MBR/GPT) errors. In addition, it also has the function of searching and restoring lost or damaged partitions.
3. Working with the /lost+found temporary directory: When checking the integrity of the file system, fsck creates the "/lost+found" directory, where fragmented data is stored after processing with fsck tools in case of FS errors or other anomalies of the hard disk/file system.
You can browse the contents of this directory and try to recover the files by moving or copying them back to your system.
4. Using data recovery software: There are various commercial and free tools for recovering deleted files from Linux systems. Some of them are PhotoRec, R-Linux, Scalpel and others.
It is important to remember that the sooner you start the recovery process after data loss (including stopping the writing of new data to the disk), the better the chances of successful data recovery.
Also, regularly creating a backup copy of all important files is a good practice to prevent information loss.